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New technologies for creating composites for aviation have been developed

A fundamentally new technological method for obtaining functionally graded materials (FGM) for aircraft engines is being developed by scientists from the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) with specialists from Institute No. 2 “Aircraft, Rocket Engines and Power Plants” of the Moscow Aviation Institute (MAI). Using modern methods of diffusion sintering, scientists have obtained a strong composite of five different metals. The research is carried out under the state order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation and published in the international journal Coatings.

FEFU Vice-Rector for Research Alexander Samardak said that the technological approach being developed will increase the efficiency in creating composites and coatings with gradient functional properties. He noted that on the basis of such FGM, various critical products, parts and structures for a wide range of devices, equipment and machinery that are operated under extreme conditions of mechanical, thermal, radiation and other effects are produced. For example, industrial engine building, which requires the highest quality of all parts and structures.

“Together with our colleagues, we are solving a complex fundamental problem by studying new mechanisms for connecting materials that are heterogeneous in nature in a layered FGM. Metals, alloys and ceramics have different coefficients of thermal linear expansion, due to which, at the interface of contacts with each other, they destroy the composite during compression or destruction.
The system of binder and damper components developed by us using modern sintering technology eliminates mechanical damage and preserves the integral shape of the composites, ”said Evgeny Papynov, head of scientific work, deputy director for development of the Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials (INTiPM) FEFU.

Scientists have proposed to increase the efficiency of the diffusion sintering technology of various metals by using pulsed electric current (spark plasma sintering technology) instead of induction heating as a source of heat generation for heating a multilayer composite.

As a result, scientists have formed a strong connection between five layers of different metals, while maintaining the integrity of the entire volume of the product. In addition, they reduced the overall temperature of the process and significantly reduced the cycle time for the manufacture of FGM composite. The quality of the characteristics and operational properties of the product was confirmed by scientists using a complex of physical and mechanical tests at the Moscow Aviation Institute and the Polytechnic Institute of the Far Eastern Federal University.

“The aviation industry is one of the most innovative sectors of the economy, which is reflected in the development of domestic engine building and is currently a priority in Russia. Advanced technological positions are achieved through the continuous involvement of science in this industry. Active scientific research conducted in sustainable collaborations, such as between FEFU and MAI, which are aimed at developing new materials and technologies for their production, are the basic basis for improving the quality of products and designs of aircraft engines, increasing their production efficiency and operational safety,” said the director Scientific and educational center for the development of engine technology MAI Sergey Chuklinov.

In the future, the research team plans to test solutions in the manufacture of product demonstrators for gas turbine engine structural units.

 
 
 

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